these disasters hitting us at the same time. One is that the economy of the cities, are emerging drastically that opportunities have become easy and immense. At the same time we do not have a policy or a method to get these systems right. There are quite a few explorations that people are doing in Bombay. Bangalore will become Bombay in 40 years, I do not know what will happen to Bombay. You will not walk into Dharavi. When you go to the favelas, there is a consciousness on how to bring better sanitation, better accessibility – simple things. Creating escalators for the elder- ly, moving the dead… These are creative impetus to bring sanity to a place like that. That we have to learn and I think we have to learn from the redeveloped third world. For example, Curiti ba, is a fantastic example of success, where automotive transport is discounted from the cities fabric, they found a method to control the development and articulate it right. It is fabulous. There are no iconic buildings in this city in Brazil. I have been there three times and I simply love the city.

NG: I am not disagreeing with either of you but I am going to question the validity of these exam- ples. Do we understand that Brazil has a huge export of sugarcane as biofuel and a large oil source recently, it neighbours America, geography is very important as well. India does not have an oil surplus. We have no export money coming in from our natural resources. When we are mak- ing this comparison it is also I think necessary to make them with countries of similar situations – I would assume a country in Africa, difficult, poor neighbours, recently free, primarily rural…

SN: Curitiba is a proven case study for transportation in India, and I have read about it. In some cities they have implemented it in Poona and Ahmedabad.

SN: It failed in Ahmedabad.

NG: Would you know why?

Audience: Because the planning is not done well. They have used the centre of street for the bus stops but it is difficult to cross the street to get to the centre. They have incorporated a zebra crossing but I don’t think the zebra crossing works well in Indian cities.

AS: What is interesting about Dharavi that you (Ravi) said and the idea that you (Naina) brought up about export, from Dharavi there are a lot of exports, it is not seen, not heard. To imagine that we are going to move 1 million people, to an apparently a diamond industry area, it shows that we cannot look at India like that our exports are low, because Dharavi can produce so much for the city and for the nation. It is little skewed. We are living in realities of Bombay that has got world trade centres and then you have Dharavi.

AS: I worked there sometime to know that it recycles 50% of the waste of Bombay, it produces 50% of the leather needs of half of N. India except for Agra. It has recycling units that are highly imagi- native. There are small localities within Dharavi for potters… To disband that to make it into an apartment complex because it is inclusive or affordable housing. It is a skewed argument when you are talking about a larger picture of India. This sort of place embodies everything that we were talking about.
NG: We are going to end here. Thank you very much for your comments